Offline Option for Library Workshops: Find and Work with Scholarly Sources

Read or view the materials listed below and then take the quiz (link located further down the page). There is an optional section on the quiz to alert a mentor or instructor that you satisfactorily completed the quiz (you won't be able to answer the quiz questions without doing the readings/tutorials). The quiz is linked at the bottom of this page.

Questions to contemplate as you work your way through the materials below:

• How do college-level research papers differ from traditional high school papers?
• What is the difference between scholarly and peer-reviewed and how do I locate them?
• What are some strategies to understand and integrate scholarly sources into your research writing?
• What factors of an information source can I look at to try and determine it's reliability?

Find and Use Scholarly Sources

1. What are scholarly sources? Those journal articles (also called academic or peer-reviewed articles: example) and books (called 'scholarly monographs': example) written by experts whose target audience is other experts in that field.  They usually contain lots of discipline-specific jargon, in-text citations, and labeled sections like Introduction, Methodology, Conclusion, etc. Many articles in the library are scholarly, which means they are often very narrow in scope, covering just a small aspect of typical student assignment topics. This means you will likely not find scholarly articles that neatly summarize your broad topic and may instead need to access multiple articles to get a fuller picture of your topic. Most scholarly articles can be hard to read and understand; this is something all students experience (it gets easier the more you do it).

2. What is a peer-reviewed article? Most scholarly articles are peer-reviewed. The minor difference is that peer-review is a journal publishing process, while scholarly refers to the content and audience; i.e., any source written by and for experts in a field of study. Before being published in a journal with a peer-review process (not all journals use a peer-review process), submitted articles are sent out to other experts in the field to read and make comments and suggestions for revision. The process often takes many months to complete but ensures a higher level of quality and reliability. This is why your instructors assign such readings and often want you to use them as sources in your own academic writing. However, keep in mind that just because a source you encounter is scholarly, peer-reviewed or academic does not mean that it is automatically free of error, or author or structural biases.

3. How do I find scholarly/peer-reviewed journal articles? The Online Library's OneSearch (the search box in the upper left of the library home page) has a limit option, on the left side of the results page after you do a search, for "in Scholarly/Peer-Reviewed journal only." In addition, the OneSearch includes a "Peer-Reviewed" tag under relevant results to help you identify such articles. Many of the library's discipline-specific databases contain a similar limit option.

4. How can I effectively read and understand scholarly sources?
   1. Scan key sections of the article first: the abstract (a brief summary of the article), introduction, and conclusion. These sections will contain the key points and arguments of the article. You can then read the full article if needed.
   2. A good notetaking habit is the key to understanding any scholarly source. Good notetaking includes more than just highlighting text. Instead, or in addition, write down notes in your own words summarizing key passages or ideas that could be useful to you for writing a paper or understanding how the content fits into your understanding of the topic. This can be done in the margins of a printout or on a separate piece of paper or Word document (make sure you include the citation info of the article it goes with!). Advanced researchers (for longer research papers or literature reviews) and graduate students might also want to try constructing a synthesis matrix, which is one of the most effective ways to organize and extract useful information out of multiple scholarly sources.

If you can't attend any scheduled live Research Workshop 2, you can instead work through the readings and tutorials above, and take this quiz:

• Offline Quiz for Research Workshop 2: Find and Work with Scholarly Sources (after successful completion, your name will be sent to the instructor you identify in the form)
• [Note that without carefully reviewing the readings and video tutorials you will probably not be able to answer many of the questions]